Module 1: Introduction to Databases and SQL

• What is a database?

• What is SQL?

• History and importance of SQL

• Types of databases: Relational vs Non-relational

Module 2: Setting Up the SQL Environment

• Installing MySQL/PostgreSQL

• Using Online SQL Editors

• Introduction to database clients (MySQL Workbench, DBeaver)

Module 3: Basic SQL Commands

• Creating a database

• Creating a table

• Inserting data into a table

• Basic SELECT queries

Module 4: Data Types in SQL

• Numeric types

• String types

• Date and time types

• Boolean type

Module 5: SELECT Queries in Depth

• Selecting specific columns

• Using aliases (AS)

• DISTINCT keyword

Module 6: Filtering Records

• WHERE clause

• Logical operators (AND, OR, NOT)

• Comparison operators

Module 7: Sorting Results

• ORDER BY clause

• Sorting ASC and DESC

• Sorting multiple columns

Module 8: Built-in Functions

• String functions (CONCAT, LENGTH, SUBSTRING)

• Numeric functions (ROUND, CEIL, FLOOR)

• Date functions (NOW, CURDATE, DATEDIFF)

Module 9: Aggregate Functions

• COUNT()

• SUM()

• AVG()

• MIN() and MAX()

Module 10: GROUP BY and HAVING

• Using GROUP BY

• Filtering groups with HAVING

• Difference between WHERE and HAVING

Module 11: Joins in SQL

• INNER JOIN

• LEFT JOIN

• RIGHT JOIN

• FULL JOIN

Module 12: Advanced Joins

• Self Join

• Cross Join

• Complex multi-table JOINs

Module 13: Subqueries

• Single row subqueries

• Multiple row subqueries

• Correlated subqueries

Module 14: SQL Views

• Creating a view

• Updating a view

• Dropping a view

• Benefits of using views

Module 15: Data Modification Statements

• UPDATE statement

• DELETE statement

• TRUNCATE statement

• REPLACE statement

Module 16: SQL Constraints

• NOT NULL

• UNIQUE

• PRIMARY KEY

• FOREIGN KEY

• CHECK and DEFAULT constraints

Module 17: Transactions in SQL

• What is a transaction?

• COMMIT and ROLLBACK

• SAVEPOINT and RELEASE SAVEPOINT

• Transaction control with ACID properties

Module 18: Indexes in SQL

• What is an index?

• Creating and dropping indexes

• Unique and composite indexes

• Indexing best practices

Module 19: Stored Procedures

• Creating a stored procedure

• Parameters in stored procedures

• Executing a stored procedure

Module 20: SQL Functions (User-Defined Functions)

• Scalar functions

• Table-valued functions

• Creating and executing UDFs

Module 21: Triggers

• What are triggers?

• BEFORE and AFTER triggers

• INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE triggers

• Practical use cases

Module 22: SQL Optimization and Performance Tuning

• Optimizing queries

• Analyzing execution plans

• Index tuning

• Best practices for writing efficient queries

Module 23: Database Normalization

• 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF

• Benefits of normalization

• De-normalization

Module 24: Data Integrity and Constraints

• Referential integrity

• Domain integrity

• Entity integrity

Module 25: SQL Injection and Security

• What is SQL Injection?

• Preventing SQL injection

• Using prepared statements

• Role-based access control (RBAC)

Module 26: Backup and Recovery

• Backup strategies

• Database export and import

• Recovery techniques

Module 27: Working with JSON Data in SQL

• JSON data types

• Storing and querying JSON in SQL

• JSON functions in SQL databases

Module 28: Advanced Data Types

• ENUM and SET types

• Arrays (PostgreSQL)

• Spatial Data (GIS data types)

Module 29: NoSQL Concepts vs SQL

• SQL vs NoSQL: Key differences

• When to use relational vs non-relational

• Introduction to document-based queries

Module 30: Real-world SQL Project

• Planning a database

• Building database schemas

• Querying and manipulating data

• Reporting and analysis project